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5%) and were more likely to occur in the winter than eye injuries from other causes (28.1% vs 18.4%, P < .01). Risk factors for fall-related eye injury included older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.11 [95% confidence interval CI 1.10-1.13 per year), female sex (OR 2.3 [95% CI 1.6-3.1] vs male), black race (OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.3-4.5] vs white), and presentation from a nursing home (OR 12.7 [95% CI 4.9-32.8] vs other locations). Older adults with fall-related injuries were more likely to be hospitalized (OR 22.8 [95% CI 15.3-33.9]) and to have a ruptured globe (OR 14.1 [95% CI 6.5-30.6]) than those with fall-unrelated injury.

Falls are an important mechanism of ocular trauma in older adults and are associated with worse outcomes compared with eye injuries from other causes.

Falls are an important mechanism of ocular trauma in older adults and are associated with worse outcomes compared with eye injuries from other causes.To identify geographic and socioeconomic variables predictive of residential proximity to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) clinical trial locations.

Retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Census tract-level data from public datasets and trial-level data from ClinicalTrials.gov were analyzed. We calculated the driving distance (>60 miles) and time (>60 minutes) from the population-weighted US census tract centroid to the nearest clinical trial site.

We identified 42 trials studying nAMD across 829 unique clinical trial sites in the United States. In a multivariable model, driving distance >60 miles had a significant association with rural location (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.86-7.96, P < .0001) and with Midwest (aOR 2.30; 95% CI 1.21-4.38, P=.01) and South (aOR 2.43; 95% CI 1.21-4.91, P=.01) as compared to the Northeast region, and with some college or an associate’s degree, as compared to a bachelor’s degree (aOR 1.02; 95% CI 1.01-1.04, P=.0007, and aOR 1.05; 95% CI 1.00-1.10, P=.04, respectively). Lower odds of traveling >60 miles to the nearest nAMD trial site were associated with census tracts with a higher percentage of blacks (aOR 0.98; 95% CI 0.97-0.99, P < .0001), Hispanics (aOR 0.97; 95% CI 0.95-0.99, P=.002), and Asians (aOR 0.90; 95% CI 0.88-0.93, P < .0001), as compared to whites, and with a lower percentage of the population <200% of the federal poverty level. Similar predictors were found in time traveled >60 minutes.

There are geographic access disparities of clinical trial sites for nAMD in the United States.

There are geographic access disparities of clinical trial sites for nAMD in the United States.

To develop classification criteria for 25 of the most common uveitides.

Machine learning using 5,766 cases of 25 uveitides.

Cases were collected in an informatics-designed preliminary database. Using formal consensus techniques, a final database was constructed of 4,046 cases achieving supermajority agreement on the diagnosis. Cases were analyzed within uveitic class and were split into a training set and a validation set. Machine learning used multinomial logistic regression with lasso regularization on the training set to determine a parsimonious set of criteria for each disease and to minimize misclassification rates. The resulting criteria were evaluated in the validation set. Accuracy of the rules developed to express the machine learning criteria was evaluated by a masked observer in a 10% random sample of cases.

Overall accuracy estimates by uveitic class in the validation set were as follows anterior uveitides 96.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 92.4, 98.6); intermediate uveitides 99.3% (95% CI 96.1, 99.9); posterior uveitides 98.0% (95% CI 94.3, 99.3); panuveitides 94.0% (95% CI 89.0, 96.8); and infectious posterior uveitides / panuveitides 93.3% (95% CI 89.1, 96.3). Accuracies of the masked evaluation of the “rules” were anterior uveitides 96.5% (95% CI 91.4, 98.6) intermediate uveitides 98.4% (91.5, 99.7), posterior uveitides 99.2% (95% CI 95.4, 99.9), panuveitides 98.9% (95% CI 94.3, 99.8), and infectious posterior uveitides / panuveitides 98.8% (95% CI 93.4, 99.9).

The classification criteria for these 25 uveitides had high overall accuracy (ie, low misclassification rates) and seemed to perform well enough for use in clinical and translational research.

The classification criteria for these 25 uveitides had high overall accuracy (ie, low misclassification rates) and seemed to perform well enough for use in clinical and translational research.

To assess both the safety and efficacy, in terms of symptomatic improvement, of botulinum toxin injections distributed in the bowel patch and the bladder remnant of failed augmented bladders.

A retrospective study was performed on patients with augmented bladders who had presented with clinical and/or urodynamic failure and had received an onabotulinum

toxin-A (BTX-A) injection at both the bowel and the bladder level due to refractoriness to oral treatment. The primary variable tested was safety, which was assessed by analysing the adverse effects according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Subjective improvement was assessed by means of the Treatment Benefit Scale (TBS) as a secondary variable.

Eight patients who underwent a total of 23 procedures were analysed. The mean age at first injection was 23 years. selleck chemical The mean interval between bladder augmentation and first BTX-A injection was 65.11 months. The mean interval between BTX-A injections was 11.6 months. No adverse effects due to systemic absorption were recorded. The only postoperative complication was an afebrile urinary infection (Clavien-Dindo 2) in 2 out of 23 procedures (8.7%). Eighty-six percent (19/22) of the procedures yielded a symptomatic benefit (TBS 1 and 2).

Injection of onabotulinum toxin-A in both the bowel patch and the bladder remnant appears to be a safe and efficient technique for the symptomatic treatment of patients with bladder augmentation who have shown clinical and/or urodynamic failure in response to a conservative treatment. This procedure allows bladder re-augmentation to be delayed or even avoided.

Injection of onabotulinum toxin-A in both the bowel patch and the bladder remnant appears to be a safe and efficient technique for the symptomatic treatment of patients with bladder augmentation who have shown clinical and/or urodynamic failure in response to a conservative treatment. This procedure allows bladder re-augmentation to be delayed or even avoided.